Back
Bitcoin was created in 2009 by an individual or group under the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto. One of the fundamental principles of Bitcoin's design is its limited total supply of 21 million coins. To achieve this, the halving mechanism was introduced as part of the cryptocurrency's monetary policy. The first halving occurred in 2012, followed by subsequent halvings in 2016 and 2020.
During each halving, the block rewards received by Bitcoin miners—individuals or companies using specialized hardware to secure the network and process transactions—are reduced. Bitcoin miners verify and record Bitcoin transactions by solving complex mathematical problems. This process, called "mining," is essential for creating new bitcoins and maintaining the transparency and security of the Bitcoin network. As a reward for their work, miners receive newly minted bitcoins.
The Bitcoin halving event, which happens approximately every four years, halves the reward miners receive for verifying and adding new transactions to the blockchain. This mechanism is embedded in Bitcoin's code to limit the supply of new bitcoins and combat inflation. The halving is one of the most significant events in the cryptocurrency world, not only due to its direct impact on miners but also because of its potential long-term effects on Bitcoin's price and the broader crypto economy.
Below is a summary of the number of bitcoins rewarded per block (approximately every 10 minutes) before and after each halving:
Before the 2012 halving: 50 BTC per block
After the 2012 halving: 25 BTC per block
After the 2016 halving: 12.5 BTC per block
After the 2020 halving: 6.25 BTC per block
After the 2024 halving (upcoming): 3.125 BTC per block
Inflation Protection
The halving gradually reduces the supply of new bitcoins, acting as a form of inflation protection. Unlike traditional fiat currencies, where central banks can print money indefinitely, Bitcoin's supply is capped, preventing inflation.
Price Impact
Historically, halvings have been followed by significant long-term price increases. While many factors influence Bitcoin's price, halvings are seen as a catalyst for price surges by reducing the supply of new bitcoins entering the market.
Network Security and Miner Incentives
The halving ensures long-term network security. Although miners' rewards decrease, an increase in Bitcoin's price can offset this reduction, motivating miners to continue securing the network.
Market Volatility
The halving can create short-term market volatility. Investor and speculator expectations surrounding the event can lead to price fluctuations, with less efficient miners potentially being forced to shut down operations.
The Bitcoin halving remains a central event in the crypto economy, reminding investors of Bitcoin's limited supply and distinguishing it from traditional currencies. Despite the challenges it presents, the halving is largely seen as a positive force in the Bitcoin ecosystem, promoting long-term sustainability and value growth. The upcoming halving is expected to draw as much attention as previous events, with the world's eyes on Bitcoin's continued evolution.
In Sweden and several other EU countries, there is an alternative to U.S. ETFs called Virtune. Their products are 100% physically backed by the underlying cryptocurrency, with the highest level of institutional security, and are listed on Nasdaq Stockholm. These products can be traded via Avanza, Nordnet, and Handelsbanken, with the company aiming to become the largest asset manager in the Nordic region for crypto assets.
Virtune has taken the regulatory and rigorous route to develop high-quality products. Being physically backed means that the underlying cryptocurrency is securely stored on your behalf by Coinbase, ensuring the highest level of institutional security. You can learn more about their product offerings here: Virtune Products.
Disclaimer: Virtune does not provide investment advice. Investments are made at your own risk. Securities can increase or decrease in value, and there is no guarantee of recovering invested capital. Read the prospectus, KID, and terms on www.virtune.com.